Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Warfare. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch the particular marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built up, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built quite a few special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of those cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not know that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced by the Sunbeam Talbot in addition to called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem ended up being to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its background.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to be amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals along with called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis of the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved numerous successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark off Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for doing this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later versions was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were start to show their age with Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car ended up being the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis as well as body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car had been handling 1800 cc search engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained inside France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines produced from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became quite a few, helped since Alpine were the 1st company fully to exploit the competition parts homologation rules.
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Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and made to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time around, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals were struck for A110s as well as A108s with factories in several other countries including The world, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement for that A110 and launch your vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and having a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press on Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights over a new target. The next aim ended up being to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Activity. A number of progressively more successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were developing Formula Two cars too. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 cars and trucks could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 along with later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car as a testing mule which lead on to their entry into this Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold this F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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