Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing in addition to sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to obtain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Battle. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many modifications, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a light car he built numerous special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kind of at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Autos Alpine in 1954. The firm was named Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not realise that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced by the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems with regard to Alpine throughout its historical past.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals along with called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved numerous successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone that was to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later versions was bored out to present a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age in Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault and when the Renault R8 saloon has been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was fantastic.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 were being allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained with France by normal Renault dealers. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time competition cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time around, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals were struck for A110s and also A108s with factories in numerous other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 as well as the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined concept, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the actual 1962 design and using a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) which won the Press in Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights over a new target. The next aim was to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Hobby. A number of more and more successful sports racing autos appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted having a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win a worldwide rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were developing Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula A couple engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into this Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold this F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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