Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to achieve considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced just after the Second World Struggle. The company was obtained in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia in addition to Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built up, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a light car he built a number of special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kind of at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was branded Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not realize that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot as well as called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its heritage.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to be amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an incredibly stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone that is to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later versions was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age in Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car has been the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in the particular 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car had been handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was fantastic.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines for being sold and maintained within France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became a lot of, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and made to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s and A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the worldwide petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist auto manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine output of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been recently compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement with the A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt over the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacement car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a series of factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press on Regardless World Rally Title round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim had been to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Sports activity. A number of more and more successful sports racing autos appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine get started construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were making Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without a competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be called Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 along with later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European Formulation 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had built a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead directly to their entry into this Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed using René Arnoux in 1977 while using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to target the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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