Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced just after the Second World Conflict. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a brighter car he built a number of special versions with light aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success inside the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not appreciate that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced by the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem ended up being to cause problems with regard to Alpine throughout its record.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone that is to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body correctly: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later versions was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow using R8 mechanicals.This new car ended up being the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in the actual 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis as well as body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to be sold and maintained inside France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines produced from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit the competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of now, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s in addition to A108s with factories in many other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement to the A110 and launch the auto just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed progressively special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on the particular A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari serp. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and by using a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press in Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim ended up being to win at Le Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Game. A number of more and more successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were developing Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without a competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 cars could neither be called Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine with Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead right to their entry into this Formula One world world-class in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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