Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that employed rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced soon after the Second World Warfare. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine products ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia in addition to Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many modifications, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built a number of special versions with light aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent client demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was referred to as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not appreciate that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems for Alpine throughout its history.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an incredibly stiff chassis based using a central tubular backbone that is to be the hallmark of Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design in addition to developed a 2+2 closed coupe body correctly: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later designs was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was designed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age in Europe. Alpine was already operating closely with Renault then when the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made numerous minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis as well as body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was fantastic.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to be sold and maintained inside France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes as well as other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted having 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became quite a few, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish from the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of on this occasion, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals were struck for A110s and A108s with factories in numerous other countries including The world, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound side effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 as well as the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement to the A110 and launch your vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on the particular A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari serp. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press with Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim has been to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged the two to form Renault Sport. A number of progressively more successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were constructing Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 cars and trucks could neither be called Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth as well as BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille in order to win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had built a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into this Formula One world tournament in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold this F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to target the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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