Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing and sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced soon after the Second World Warfare. The company was purchased in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine products ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch the particular marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in many major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using the little 4CV built in place, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter in weight car he built a number of special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Autos Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not know that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot as well as called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its heritage.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based over a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design in addition to developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later models was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age with Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in the particular 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage exactly where, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained inside France by normal Renault dealers. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time your competitors cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit your competitors parts homologation rules.
Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish from the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s and also A108s with factories in several other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist car manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined notion, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and employing a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press in Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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Actually, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim was to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Hobby. A number of progressively successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted that has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were making Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula 2 engine available the F2 cars and trucks could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car as a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into the particular Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold this F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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