Alpine (car or truck)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced just after the Second World Warfare. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built up, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built numerous special versions with light aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was referred to as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not realize that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems for Alpine throughout its history.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based using a central tubular backbone that has been to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design along with developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later versions was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car was handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to be sold and maintained in France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became many, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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Inside 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of on this occasion, production of the Alpine A110 increased and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s as well as A108s with factories in numerous other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine output of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars and trucks sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt from the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which was based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and by using a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault seventeen Gordinis (one pushed by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press with Regardless World Rally Tournament round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Sports activity. A number of significantly successful sports racing automobiles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted that has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open controls racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were constructing Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 in addition to later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into your Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to target the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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