Alpine (car or truck)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to obtain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World War. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch the particular marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter in weight car he built a number of special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was branded Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not know that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot along with called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its history.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis of the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted for the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based using a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design along with developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later models was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting to show their age within Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in the particular 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis in addition to body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault opposition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained in France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes along with other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became many, helped since Alpine were the primary company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
Renault Alpine A11050, 2012 Design Process Fullsize model
In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of on this occasion, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in a lot of other countries including The world, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement for the A110 and launch your vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to advertising campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacement car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on the actual 1962 design and having a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one pushed by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press on Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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Actually, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim ended up being to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Sport. A number of increasingly successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with all the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine get started construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were constructing Formula Two cars too. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines even though powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and were labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car as a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to focus on the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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