Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing and sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to achieve considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Battle. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine products ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using the little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the initial 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built quite a few special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans and Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not realize that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its record.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals along with called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted for the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone that has been to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for doing this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later types was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was designed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age with Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault and when the Renault R8 saloon ended up being introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis in addition to body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car was handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to become sold and maintained with France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time other sellers cars were fitted having 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the 1st company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time around, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals have been struck for A110s as well as A108s with factories in numerous other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine generation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 as well as the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had already been compounded by the need to help them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt from the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which was based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on the actual 1962 design and employing a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault teen Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press on Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights over a new target. The next aim was to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Hobby. A number of increasingly successful sports racing autos appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open controls racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were building Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had built a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead directly to their entry into your Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Formulation 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to focus on the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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