Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe shed proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Warfare. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using the little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many improvements, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a brighter car he built quite a few special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans and Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was branded Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not appreciate that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot in addition to called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems regarding Alpine throughout its heritage.
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In 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone that is to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for doing this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later designs was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began being produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting to show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault then when the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car ended up being the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run while using the Alpine A108 in the particular 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis in addition to body developed with relatively minor changes in the past to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car had been handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault opposition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained in France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines produced from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became many, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and made to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time around, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s as well as A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist car manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine output of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 as well as the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had already been compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt throughout the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to advertising campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's accomplishment, other manufacturers developed progressively special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and using a surprising number of creation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault seventeen Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Tournament round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights over a new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Hobby. A number of significantly successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were creating Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 autos could neither be known as Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and were labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead on to their entry into the Formula One world tournament in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold this F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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