Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car or truck model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a People from france manufacturer of racing and sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to attain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World War. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in many major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built a number of special versions with light aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans and Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent buyer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was referred to as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not appreciate that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot in addition to called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems regarding Alpine throughout its background.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later versions was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were needs to show their age within Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the usage of R8 mechanicals.This new car ended up being the A110 Berlinette Excursion de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis as well as body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to become sold and maintained with France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes as well as other international events. By this time other sellers cars were fitted having 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the primary company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals have been struck for A110s and A108s with factories in a number of other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 as well as the company was bailed out by way of a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been recently compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement with the A110 and launch your vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and employing a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press on Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim had been to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Game. A number of increasingly successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the 1st company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open controls racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were creating Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula 2 engine available the F2 autos could neither be known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 in addition to later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the actual Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed using René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to focus on the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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