Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car or truck model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to achieve considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World Struggle. The company was obtained in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in many major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built a number of special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kind of at Le Mans in addition to Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent buyer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not realize that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot in addition to called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems with regard to Alpine throughout its background.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis of the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone that is to be the hallmark off Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later designs was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was designed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes in the past to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for that car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 were being allocated the whole Renault opposition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained with France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time your competitors cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the Entire world Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s and A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound side effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement to the A110 and launch your vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on the particular A110's size and rear-engined notion, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and using a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a series of factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one pushed by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights over a new target. The next aim has been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Game. A number of increasingly successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the 1st company to run in and win a worldwide rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were constructing Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 autos could neither be known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille in order to win the European Formulation 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into the particular Formula One world tournament in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the particular F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to focus on the Le Mans and also Formula One programs.
Alpine winning the first World Rally Championship in 1973, Club Alpine
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