Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car or truck model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that employed rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to achieve considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced soon after the Second World Battle. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built up, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built quite a few special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was named Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not realise that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot along with called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its record.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved numerous successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an incredibly stiff chassis based over a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later designs was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was designed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in the particular 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car had been handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained throughout France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins within the Coupe des Alpes as well as other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines resulting from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became quite a few, helped since Alpine were the primary company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Entire world Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of now, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s and also A108s with factories in a lot of other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist car manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine output of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out by way of a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been recently compounded by the need to help them to develop a replacement for the A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt over the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's accomplishment, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on the actual 1962 design and having a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press in Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim was to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Sport. A number of increasingly successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were developing Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 autos could neither be called Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth as well as BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine with Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead directly to their entry into the particular Formula One world world-class in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold this F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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