Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler vehicle model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing in addition to sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Struggle. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter in weight car he built several special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans and Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent client demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not know that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems for Alpine throughout its record.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis of the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later models was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting to show their age within Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made many minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Excursion de France, named after a successful run while using the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 were being allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to become sold and maintained within France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit your competitors parts homologation rules.
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Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of now, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals have been struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in many other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist auto manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars and trucks sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out by way of a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need to help them to develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt from the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacement car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which was based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and by using a surprising number of creation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault seventeen Gordinis (one pushed by Jean-Luc Thérier) that won the Press upon Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
Alpine winning the first World Rally Championship in 1973, Club Alpine
Actually, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim ended up being to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Sport. A number of progressively successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open controls racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were constructing Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth in addition to BMW engines and had been labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine with Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to target the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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