Alpine (car or truck)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler vehicle model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing in addition to sports cars that employed rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced right after the Second World Warfare. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter in weight car he built quite a few special versions with light aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of those cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was referred to as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not realise that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced by the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems with regard to Alpine throughout its heritage.
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Throughout 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design in addition to developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later designs was bored out to give a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age with Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car ended up being the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in the particular 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis in addition to body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 were being allocated the whole Renault opposition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to become sold and maintained in France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became quite a few, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit the competition parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 increased and manufacturing deals were struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in numerous other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out with a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement to the A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt throughout the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed progressively special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the particular A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and employing a surprising number of creation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press about Regardless World Rally Tournament round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim had been to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Sports activity. A number of progressively more successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted having a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were constructing Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth in addition to BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille in order to win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into this Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold this F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to focus on the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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