Alpine (car or truck)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler vehicle model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that utilised rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe shed proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Struggle. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built in place, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built many special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans and Sebring with some success inside the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not realise that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot as well as called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its history.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based over a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later versions was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were needs to show their age with Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon ended up being introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run while using the Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage where, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained within France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes along with other international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish from the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time around, production of the Alpine A110 increased and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in numerous other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine generation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and the company was bailed out with a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement to the A110 and launch your vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt from the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed progressively special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined concept, though incorporating a Ferrari serp. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and employing a surprising number of creation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault teen Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press in Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim was to win at Le Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Game. A number of progressively successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted having a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were making Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 cars and trucks could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth as well as BMW engines and were labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car as a testing mule which lead on to their entry into the actual Formula One world tournament in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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