Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing and sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to obtain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Conflict. The company was purchased in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built up, he incorporated many improvements, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the initial 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built quite a few special versions with light aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent client demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not appreciate that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its background.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to be amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis on the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based using a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later models was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age in Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon ended up being introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made many minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis in addition to body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc search engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained in France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes as well as other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines produced from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became many, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and made to win the Entire world Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s as well as A108s with factories in several other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had already been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement for the A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt over the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a series of factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) that won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Title round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim had been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Sport. A number of more and more successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were creating Formula Two cars too. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 autos could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had built a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead directly to their entry into this Formula One world world-class in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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