Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing in addition to sports cars that employed rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced soon after the Second World War. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built in place, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the initial 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built many special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was referred to as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not realise that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems for Alpine throughout its heritage.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later models was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were needs to show their age with Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon has been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis in addition to body developed with relatively minor changes in the past to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines for being sold and maintained in France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes as well as other international events. By this time your competitors cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became a lot of, helped since Alpine were the 1st company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and made to win the Entire world Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 increased and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s in addition to A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The world, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars and trucks sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to help them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's accomplishment, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined concept, though incorporating a Ferrari serp. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and by using a surprising number of creation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a series of factory racing Renault seventeen Gordinis (one pushed by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Title round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights over a new target. The next aim ended up being to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Sports activity. A number of increasingly successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted that has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the 1st company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory within the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were building Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines even though powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and had been labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European Formulation 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had built a Formula One car as a testing mule which lead right to their entry into the actual Formula One world tournament in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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