Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that utilised rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced just after the Second World Battle. The company was obtained in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine products ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built up, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a brighter car he built quite a few special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kind of at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was named Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not realize that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot along with called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems for Alpine throughout its background.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis on the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark off Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body correctly: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later versions was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car has been the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was fantastic.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 were being allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to become sold and maintained within France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins within the Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time other sellers cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines resulting from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
Inside 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish from the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s as well as A108s with factories in many other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound side effects on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine output of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars and trucks sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out with a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to advertising campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and employing a surprising number of creation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a series of factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) that won the Press in Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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In reality, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Activity. A number of more and more successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with all the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted having a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were making Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 autos could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Formulation 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead right to their entry into the actual Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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