Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to achieve considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Battle. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a light car he built numerous special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success inside the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not realize that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced by the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems regarding Alpine throughout its historical past.
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In 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based over a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design in addition to developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later designs was bored out to present a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting to show their age in Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon has been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow the usage of R8 mechanicals.This new car has been the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in the particular 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car had been handling 1800 cc search engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to become sold and maintained throughout France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time your competitors cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time around, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s and A108s with factories in several other countries including Italy, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist car manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine generation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out with a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on the particular A110's size and rear-engined notion, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and by using a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) which won the Press on Regardless World Rally Title round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim ended up being to win at Le Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Sport. A number of progressively successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win a worldwide rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open controls racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were constructing Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without a competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 autos could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and were labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead on to their entry into the Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to target the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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