Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that utilised rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Battle. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch the particular marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built in place, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built several special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of those cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not understand that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems for Alpine throughout its background.
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Throughout 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based over a central tubular backbone that has been to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design along with developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later models was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age in Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon has been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made many minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car had been handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained within France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time other sellers cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 increased and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s and A108s with factories in numerous other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound side effects on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine generation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt throughout the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and employing a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault seventeen Gordinis (one pushed by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Tournament round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim had been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Hobby. A number of more and more successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with all the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were building Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without a competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 cars could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines even though powered by Ford-Cosworth in addition to BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car as a testing mule which lead on to their entry into your Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed using René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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