Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a People from france manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World War. The company was purchased in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine products ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia in addition to Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built in place, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a brighter car he built quite a few special versions with light aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was branded Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not understand that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems with regard to Alpine throughout its historical past.
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Throughout 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone that is to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design in addition to developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later versions was bored out to give a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon ended up being introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car was handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 were being allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained inside France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes as well as other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines produced from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became quite a few, helped since Alpine were the primary company fully to exploit the competition parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s and A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine output of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement to the A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to advertising campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and using a surprising number of manufacturing parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press on Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at Le Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Activity. A number of more and more successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the 1st company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine get started construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were building Formula Two cars too. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and had been labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European Formulation 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine with Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the particular Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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