Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing and sports cars that utilised rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World War. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many improvements, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a brighter car he built numerous special versions with light aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success inside the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was branded Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not know that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its record.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an incredibly stiff chassis based using a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later versions was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were needs to show their age with Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon has been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made many minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis as well as body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car had been handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 were being allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to become sold and maintained inside France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time competition cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became a lot of, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit the competition parts homologation rules.
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Inside 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish from the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of now, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals were struck for A110s and A108s with factories in several other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound side effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars and trucks sold dropped to 957 in 1974 as well as the company was bailed out with a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been recently compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the auto just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to advertising campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari serp. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and employing a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press about Regardless World Rally Tournament round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights over a new target. The next aim has been to win at The Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Hobby. A number of more and more successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the 1st company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory within the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open controls racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were making Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without a competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 cars could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth in addition to BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 in addition to later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille in order to win the European Formulation 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car as a testing mule which lead on to their entry into this Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the particular F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to focus on the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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