Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe shed proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced soon after the Second World Conflict. The company was purchased in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch the particular marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a light car he built a number of special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans in addition to Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not understand that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems with regard to Alpine throughout its history.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis on the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved numerous successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an incredibly stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body correctly: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later types was bored out to present a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was designed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began being produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were start to show their age within Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault and when the Renault R8 saloon has been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow using R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in the particular 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes in the past to the stage where, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained inside France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes along with other international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines produced from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the 1st company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s as well as A108s with factories in a number of other countries including Italy, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine generation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been recently compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt over the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on the particular A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press in Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
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Actually, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at The Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Activity. A number of significantly successful sports racing autos appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were developing Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without a competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth as well as BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 in addition to later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead on to their entry into this Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold this F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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