Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that employed rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced right after the Second World Warfare. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch the particular marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built up, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter in weight car he built a number of special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans in addition to Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of those cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not know that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot along with called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems for Alpine throughout its background.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis of the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based over a central tubular backbone that is to be the hallmark off Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later versions was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was designed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age in Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault then when the Renault R8 saloon has been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the usage of R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained inside France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time other sellers cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the primary company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and made to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time around, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s and A108s with factories in a lot of other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the worldwide petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine output of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out by way of a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had already been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement with the A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed progressively special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined concept, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and employing a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one pushed by Jean-Luc Thérier) that won the Press in Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim has been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Activity. A number of significantly successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted having a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were constructing Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be known as Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 along with later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the particular Formula One world tournament in 1977. A second European Formulation 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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