Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler vehicle model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that utilised rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to attain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced soon after the Second World Conflict. The company was obtained in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built many special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of those cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not realize that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot as well as called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its heritage.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted for the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark off Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later models was bored out to give a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already operating closely with Renault then when the Renault R8 saloon has been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car ended up being the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage exactly where, by 1974, the little car was handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was fantastic.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines for being sold and maintained with France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time competition cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the 1st company fully to exploit the competition parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the World Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s in addition to A108s with factories in many other countries including Italy, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist car manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine generation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt throughout the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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In reality, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim had been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Sports activity. A number of progressively more successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win a worldwide rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were constructing Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 autos could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 along with later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the particular Formula One world tournament in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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