Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to attain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced soon after the Second World Battle. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter in weight car he built several special versions with light aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans in addition to Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not realize that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot along with called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems with regard to Alpine throughout its historical past.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis on the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone that was to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later models was bored out to give a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was designed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began being produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were start to show their age within Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow using R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run while using the Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to be sold and maintained in France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes along with other international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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Inside 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s as well as A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the worldwide petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist car manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine generation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 as well as the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement with the A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on the particular A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and by using a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a series of factory racing Renault teen Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
Alpine Renault A110 1600S in Red 1:18 scale by Kyosho 08484R
In truth, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim had been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Activity. A number of more and more successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were constructing Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula 2 engine available the F2 autos could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines even though powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 along with later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead right to their entry into the Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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