Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing and sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to achieve considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Battle. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built up, he incorporated many modifications, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built several special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans and Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not know that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem ended up being to cause problems regarding Alpine throughout its historical past.
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In 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis on the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted for the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later designs was bored out to present a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began being produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were needs to show their age within Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run while using the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis as well as body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage exactly where, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was fantastic.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained within France by normal Renault dealers. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time your competitors cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines resulting from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time around, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s and also A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The world, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the worldwide petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist auto manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars and trucks sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out with a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement with the A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt over the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined notion, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and using a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault teen Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) which won the Press in Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim had been to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Activity. A number of progressively more successful sports racing automobiles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted having a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open controls racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were constructing Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without a competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 cars could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines even though powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 in addition to later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into your Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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