Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car or truck model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to attain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World War. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch the particular marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the initial 3-speed unit. To provide a brighter car he built numerous special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kind of at Le Mans in addition to Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent client demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was branded Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not understand that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems for Alpine throughout its history.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals along with called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based using a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark off Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for doing this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later types was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting to show their age in Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon ended up being introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run while using the Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage exactly where, by 1974, the little car was handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to be sold and maintained within France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time other sellers cars were fitted having 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in many other countries including Italy, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement to the A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt from the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which was based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) which won the Press about Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim had been to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Game. A number of progressively successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were developing Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula A couple engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 along with later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine with Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead on to their entry into the actual Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans and also Formula One programs.
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