Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that utilised rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe shed proprietor, who began to obtain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced just after the Second World Conflict. The company was obtained in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch the particular marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter in weight car he built many special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success inside the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was named Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not realize that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its historical past.
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In 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an incredibly stiff chassis based using a central tubular backbone that was to be the hallmark of Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design along with developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later versions was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting to show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made numerous minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in the actual 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes in the past to the stage exactly where, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to be sold and maintained with France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of now, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s in addition to A108s with factories in numerous other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist auto manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to help them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacement car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and using a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault teen Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press in Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim was to win at Le Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Sport. A number of progressively successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were constructing Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth in addition to BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into your Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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