Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler vehicle model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing in addition to sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced soon after the Second World Conflict. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a light car he built a number of special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans and Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent client demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was branded Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not appreciate that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems regarding Alpine throughout its historical past.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted for the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based using a central tubular backbone that was to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later models was bored out to present a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car has been the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in the particular 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines for being sold and maintained with France by normal Renault dealers. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes as well as other international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted having 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the primary company fully to exploit your competitors parts homologation rules.
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Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish from the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Entire world Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of now, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in a number of other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound side effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been recently compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt over the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari serp. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault teen Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press in Regardless World Rally Tournament round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Sports activity. A number of increasingly successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted having a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win a worldwide rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory within the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were creating Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 autos could neither be called Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Formulation 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into your Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed using René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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