Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to attain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Warfare. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch the particular marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built in place, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the initial 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built many special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent client demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Autos Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not realise that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced by the Sunbeam Talbot as well as called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem ended up being to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its history.
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In 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark off Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later types was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age within Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon ended up being introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car has been the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in the particular 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc search engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for that car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained with France by normal Renault dealers. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time other sellers cars were fitted having 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became quite a few, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the World Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals were struck for A110s as well as A108s with factories in several other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist car manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement for the A110 and launch your vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed progressively special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press on Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim has been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Sports activity. A number of progressively more successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were making Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without a competitive Renault Formula 2 engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead right to their entry into the actual Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 while using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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