Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to achieve considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World War. The company was obtained in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the initial 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built a number of special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of those cars and consequent buyer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was referred to as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not appreciate that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem ended up being to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its record.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark of Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design in addition to developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later types was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were start to show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault and when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made many minor body changes to allow the usage of R8 mechanicals.This new car has been the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run while using the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car had been handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained in France by normal Renault dealers. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins within the Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became quite a few, helped since Alpine were the primary company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
Inside 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the World Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time around, production of the Alpine A110 increased and manufacturing deals have been struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in many other countries including Italy, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out with a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement for that A110 and launch your vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt from the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to advertising campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed progressively special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari serp. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and having a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one pushed by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Title round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim was to win at Le Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged the two to form Renault Activity. A number of significantly successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the 1st company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open controls racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were creating Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be known as Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and had been labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille in order to win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had built a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead on to their entry into the actual Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold this F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans and also Formula One programs.
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