Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car or truck model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler vehicle model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced soon after the Second World War. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built in place, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built several special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans in addition to Sebring with some success inside the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was referred to as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not appreciate that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot as well as called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems for Alpine throughout its history.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based over a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body correctly: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later models was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age with Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault then when the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes in the past to the stage where, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to be sold and maintained in France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes as well as other international events. By this time your competitors cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the World Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s in addition to A108s with factories in a lot of other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine generation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement to the A110 and launch the auto just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and by using a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault teen Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) that won the Press on Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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Actually, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at Le Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Sport. A number of increasingly successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory within the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were constructing Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 autos could neither be known as Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth as well as BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the particular Formula One world world-class in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the particular F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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