Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced just after the Second World Warfare. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia in addition to Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built a number of special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans and Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not understand that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its history.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an incredibly stiff chassis based using a central tubular backbone that has been to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for doing this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later designs was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age in Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault and when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for that car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines for being sold and maintained throughout France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines resulting from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became many, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit the competition parts homologation rules.
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Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and made to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s and also A108s with factories in a lot of other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the worldwide petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist auto manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and employing a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) that won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Title round in Michigan, USA.
Renault Alpine A11050, 2012 Design Process Fullsize model
In truth, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim was to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Sports activity. A number of progressively successful sports racing automobiles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine get started construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were creating Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into your Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the particular F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to focus on the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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