Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to obtain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced soon after the Second World Struggle. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch the particular marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in many major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using the little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many improvements, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built many special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not understand that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot in addition to called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its historical past.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later types was bored out to present a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting to show their age in Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon has been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made numerous minor body changes to allow using R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Excursion de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained in France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time your competitors cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines produced from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became quite a few, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of on this occasion, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s as well as A108s with factories in many other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound side effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out by way of a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to advertising campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed progressively special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the actual 1962 design and by using a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press with Regardless World Rally Title round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim has been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Activity. A number of progressively more successful sports racing automobiles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the 1st company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were creating Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula A couple engine available the F2 cars could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth as well as BMW engines and were labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the Formula One world world-class in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 while using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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