Alpine (car or truck)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that employed rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced soon after the Second World Battle. The company was purchased in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built up, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built many special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Autos Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not understand that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot in addition to called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem ended up being to cause problems for Alpine throughout its record.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to be amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis of the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved numerous successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design in addition to developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later types was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age in Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault and when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage where, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained with France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes along with other international events. By this time your competitors cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became a lot of, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in many other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the worldwide petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's accomplishment, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on the actual 1962 design and having a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one pushed by Jean-Luc Thérier) that won the Press in Regardless World Rally Tournament round in Michigan, USA.
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Actually, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim ended up being to win at The Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Activity. A number of progressively successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with all the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were constructing Formula Two cars too. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille in order to win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead directly to their entry into the particular Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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