Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that utilised rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World Struggle. The company was purchased in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter in weight car he built a number of special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success inside the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was named Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not appreciate that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its heritage.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to be amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis on the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved numerous successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone that was to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design in addition to developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later versions was bored out to present a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were needs to show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made many minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car has been the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in the particular 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes in the past to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car had been handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for that car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained with France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines produced from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became quite a few, helped since Alpine were the primary company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of now, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s and A108s with factories in a number of other countries including Italy, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and having a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
Renault Alpine, Caterham sports car mule spied testing at Nurburgring
The truth is, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim was to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Activity. A number of significantly successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the 1st company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were building Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and had been labelled Elf 2 in addition to later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead right to their entry into the particular Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Formulation 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the particular F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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