Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car or truck model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a People from france manufacturer of racing and sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe shed proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced soon after the Second World Warfare. The company was obtained in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built in place, he incorporated many improvements, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a light car he built several special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans and Sebring with some success inside the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent client demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was branded Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not know that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot along with called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its heritage.
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Throughout 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis on the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body correctly: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later products was bored out to give a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was designed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault and when the Renault R8 saloon has been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made many minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis in addition to body developed with relatively minor changes in the past to the stage where, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained with France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted having 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became quite a few, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in many other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 as well as the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had already been compounded by the need to help them to develop a replacement to the A110 and launch the auto just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to advertising campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and having a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) which won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Tournament round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Sport. A number of progressively successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with all the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted that has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open controls racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were creating Formula Two cars too. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula A couple engine available the F2 cars could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth in addition to BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille in order to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead directly to their entry into the Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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