Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe shed proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World Conflict. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built up, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built several special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of those cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was named Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not know that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot along with called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem ended up being to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its background.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design in addition to developed a 2+2 closed coupe body correctly: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later designs was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made numerous minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in the particular 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage exactly where, by 1974, the little car was handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained with France by normal Renault dealers. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes as well as other international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted having 1440 cc engines resulting from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became many, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of on this occasion, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals were struck for A110s and A108s with factories in many other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out by way of a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacement car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined concept, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and by using a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press in Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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Actually, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Sports activity. A number of progressively successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with all the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine get started construction of open wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were building Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula A couple engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be called Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Formulation 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine with Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car as a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the particular Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Formulation 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to focus on the Le Mans and also Formula One programs.
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