Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing and sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced soon after the Second World Struggle. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built many special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Autos Alpine in 1954. The firm was named Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not realize that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot as well as called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems with regard to Alpine throughout its background.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an incredibly stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later designs was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were start to show their age in Europe. Alpine was already operating closely with Renault then when the Renault R8 saloon ended up being introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Excursion de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines for being sold and maintained within France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines resulting from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s as well as A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The world, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the worldwide petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out with a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had already been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt from the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and having a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press with Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Sports activity. A number of increasingly successful sports racing automobiles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with all the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted that has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win a worldwide rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were creating Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without a competitive Renault Formula A couple engine available the F2 autos could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth in addition to BMW engines and had been labelled Elf 2 in addition to later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead right to their entry into this Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 while using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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