Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World Battle. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built several special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans and Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not realise that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot along with called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems for Alpine throughout its history.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to be amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis on the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted for the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone that has been to be the hallmark of Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later types was bored out to give a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began being produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting to show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Excursion de France, named after a successful run while using the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained with France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and made to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals were struck for A110s and also A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The world, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine generation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement with the A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt throughout the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and by using a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press in Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim ended up being to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Sports activity. A number of progressively successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win a worldwide rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open controls racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were developing Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 cars could neither be known as Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth in addition to BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille in order to win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the particular Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the particular F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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