Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World Struggle. The company was purchased in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia in addition to Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built in place, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built many special versions with light aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was referred to as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not realise that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot as well as called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems regarding Alpine throughout its record.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based over a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for doing this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later types was bored out to give a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began being produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age in Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car ended up being the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage where, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained with France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins within the Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became a lot of, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish from the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and made to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of now, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s and A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the worldwide petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars and trucks sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out with a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been recently compounded by the need to help them to develop a replacement for the A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to advertising campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacement car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) that won the Press in Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim was to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged the two to form Renault Activity. A number of significantly successful sports racing autos appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine get started construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were developing Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula 2 engine available the F2 cars could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth in addition to BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into the actual Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the particular F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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