Alpine (car or truck)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler vehicle model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing in addition to sports cars that utilised rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World Conflict. The company was purchased in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia in addition to Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many improvements, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the initial 3-speed unit. To provide a light car he built many special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kind of at Le Mans in addition to Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent client demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Autos Alpine in 1954. The firm was branded Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not realize that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its history.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals along with called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis of the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an incredibly stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for doing this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later types was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon ended up being introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made many minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car has been the A110 Berlinette Excursion de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes in the past to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 were being allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained inside France by normal Renault dealers. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes along with other international events. By this time your competitors cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and made to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time around, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals have been struck for A110s in addition to A108s with factories in many other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had already been compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement for the A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt throughout the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which was based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and using a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim ended up being to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Game. A number of more and more successful sports racing automobiles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with all the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win a worldwide rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open controls racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were constructing Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula A couple engine available the F2 cars could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 along with later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine with Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into this Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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