Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler vehicle model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing and sports cars that employed rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to attain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced soon after the Second World Struggle. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch the particular marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built a number of special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was branded Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not know that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems with regard to Alpine throughout its history.
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In 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based over a central tubular backbone that has been to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design in addition to developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later versions was bored out to give a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault and when the Renault R8 saloon ended up being introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made many minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car had been handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines for being sold and maintained inside France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins within the Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time other sellers cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the primary company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in a number of other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist auto manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 as well as the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement for the A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt from the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and employing a surprising number of manufacturing parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press in Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged the two to form Renault Sports activity. A number of progressively more successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted that has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were constructing Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula A couple engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be called Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 along with later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine with Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead right to their entry into your Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed using René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the particular F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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