Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing in addition to sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to attain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced soon after the Second World Battle. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in many major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter in weight car he built a number of special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans and Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not realize that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem ended up being to cause problems for Alpine throughout its history.
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Throughout 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone that was to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later products was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made numerous minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car was handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained throughout France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins within the Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time your competitors cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and made to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of on this occasion, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals were struck for A110s and also A108s with factories in a number of other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out with a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been recently compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and having a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault seventeen Gordinis (one pushed by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press in Regardless World Rally Title round in Michigan, USA.
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In reality, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim had been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Hobby. A number of progressively successful sports racing automobiles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory within the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were developing Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European Formulation 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had built a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead right to their entry into the Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed using René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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