Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler vehicle model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced just after the Second World War. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the initial 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built numerous special versions with light aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was referred to as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not know that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems regarding Alpine throughout its historical past.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals along with called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone that has been to be the hallmark of Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later designs was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began being produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already operating closely with Renault and when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made many minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car ended up being the A110 Berlinette Excursion de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in the actual 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage where, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc search engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to become sold and maintained within France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes as well as other international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines produced from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit the competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of on this occasion, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals were struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement with the A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt throughout the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on the particular A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and by using a surprising number of creation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a series of factory racing Renault teen Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press about Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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In reality, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim has been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Hobby. A number of progressively successful sports racing automobiles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory within the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine get started construction of open wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were building Formula Two cars too. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 autos could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and were labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into this Formula One world world-class in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 while using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to target the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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