Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to achieve considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World Warfare. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built in place, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a light car he built a number of special versions with light aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent buyer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was branded Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not understand that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot in addition to called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its heritage.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted for the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body correctly: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later versions was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began being produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already operating closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made numerous minor body changes to allow the usage of R8 mechanicals.This new car ended up being the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained with France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes as well as other international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became many, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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Inside 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish from the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s and A108s with factories in several other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been recently compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt from the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacement car. However, to compete with Alpine's accomplishment, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and having a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) that won the Press about Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim ended up being to win at The Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Game. A number of progressively more successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the 1st company to run in and win a worldwide rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were constructing Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 autos could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and were labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into the Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 while using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to focus on the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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