Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to attain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced soon after the Second World Conflict. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch the particular marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia in addition to Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many modifications, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built numerous special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans in addition to Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not realize that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems for Alpine throughout its historical past.
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In 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted for the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later models was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was designed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were start to show their age with Europe. Alpine was already operating closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage where, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc search engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault opposition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained throughout France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time other sellers cars were fitted having 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became quite a few, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Entire world Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of on this occasion, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s and A108s with factories in several other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had already been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which was based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined concept, though incorporating a Ferrari serp. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and employing a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press about Regardless World Rally Title round in Michigan, USA.
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Actually, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights over a new target. The next aim had been to win at The Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Sport. A number of increasingly successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted that has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine get started construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were constructing Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 cars could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 along with later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine with Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into your Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold this F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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