Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car or truck model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that employed rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Struggle. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia in addition to Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a light car he built a number of special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not know that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced by the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its record.
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Throughout 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to be amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted for the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an incredibly stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone that was to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later models was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was designed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Excursion de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis in addition to body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage where, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for that car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was fantastic.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained within France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became a lot of, helped since Alpine were the 1st company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish from the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of on this occasion, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s as well as A108s with factories in many other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out with a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement with the A110 and launch the auto just when European petrol prices leapt over the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's accomplishment, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which was based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined concept, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and employing a surprising number of manufacturing parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press on Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim had been to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged the two to form Renault Sports activity. A number of significantly successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with all the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win a worldwide rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were constructing Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without a competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 cars and trucks could neither be known as Renaults or Alpines even though powered by Ford-Cosworth as well as BMW engines and had been labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille in order to win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car as a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into this Formula One world tournament in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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